Explainable artificial intelligence is an emerging method for boosting reliability, accountability, and dependence in critical areas. This is done by merging machine learning approaches with explanatory methods that reveal what the decision criteria are or why they have been established and allow people to better understand and control AI-powered tools.
Below here, we have discussed some of the important milestones, in no particular order, on explainable AI (XAI) in 2020.
Fairlearn Toolkit by Microsoft
Fairlearn is a popular explainable AI toolkit that enables data scientists as well as developers to evaluate and enhance the fairness of their AI systems. The toolkit has two components, an interactive visualisation dashboard and unfairness mitigation algorithms. They are mainly designed to help with navigating trade-offs between fairness and model performance. The open-source toolkit supports a broad spectrum of fairness metrics for evaluating the impacts of an AI model on diverse groups of people, comprising both classification and regression tasks.
Know more here.
Eraser by Salesforce
Evaluating Rationales And Simple English Reasoning (ERASER) is an explainable AI benchmark by Salesforce that helps in evaluating rationalised natural language processing (NLP) models. The benchmark comprises seven diverse NLP datasets and tasks that include human annotations of explanations as supporting evidence for predictions.
All the datasets included in ERASER are classification tasks including sentiment analysis, Natural Language Inference, and Question Answering tasks, among others, with a different number of labels, and some have varying class labels. Also, the benchmark focuses on “rationales”, that is, snippets of text extracted from the source document of the task that provides sufficient evidence for predicting the correct output.
Know more here.
Explainable AI For Adverse Childhood Experiences
In October, researchers from the University of Tennessee Health Science Centre developed an “explainable” AI system known as the Semantic Platform for Adverse Childhood Experiences Surveillance (SPACES). SPACES is an intelligent recommendation system that employs ML techniques to help in screening patients and allocating or discovering relevant resources.
According to the researchers, the proposed system intends to build rapport with patients by generating personalised questions during interviews while minimising the amount of information that needs to be collected directly from the patient.
Know more here.
WhiteNoise Toolkit by Microsoft
Developed in collaboration with researchers at the Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science and School of Engineering, WhileNoise is a differential privacy platform that contains different components for building global differentially private systems. Microsoft open-sourced this tool during the Build 2020 conference with an effort to drive toward more explainable AI systems.
It is an open-source project that is made up of two top-level components, i.e. core and system. The core library includes privacy mechanisms for implementing a differentially private system, and the system library provides tools and services for working with tabular and relational data.
Know more here.
COVID-Net
Recently, DarwinAI, an explainable AI company, developed COVID-Net and COVIDNet-S in their explainable AI platform. In March this year, COVID-Net is a deep convolutional neural network design tailored for the detection of COVID-19 cases from chest X-ray (CXR) images. Along with the model, the researchers also open-sourced COVIDx, which is an open-access benchmark dataset that had been generated, comprising 13,975 CXR images across 13,870 patient cases.
In September, DarwinAI announced COVIDNet-S, which is a suite of deep learning models designed in their explainable AI platform to assess the disease severity of COVID-19. COVIDNet-S can quantitatively score the geographic and opacity extent in a patient’s lungs by analysing key visual indicators of their chest X-Ray. The system was developed using over 10,000 chest X-Rays, with hundreds of these being COVID-19 positive patients with comprehensive lung disease severity assessments.
